The models in Audi's midsize class -- the Audi A4 and its predecessor, the Audi 80 -- constitute the heart of the brand. The company recently celebrated a true milestone in production. In early October, the ten millionth midsize Audi rolled off the assembly line: a Misano Red Audi S4 with a black and alabaster-white interior and a V6 engine generating 245 kW (333 hp) of output. "Ten million midsize vehicles is an achievement which makes us thrilled and proud," says Frank Dreves, Board Member for Production at AUDI AG. "Thanks to its sophisticated technology and excellent quality, the Audi A4 is our bestseller -- winning over customers in every market since it was launched. With our strong team and our effective Audi production system, we will continue writing this success story, especially as a modified version of the Audi A4 will soon be launched." Audi has been producing the A4 model family at its Ingolstadt site since 1994 and, since 2007, via the "production turntable" in Neckarsulm, as well. The Audi A4 sedan, the A4 Avant, the A4 allroad quattro, the S4 sedan, and the S4 Avant roll off the assembly line in Ingolstadt. A certain number of A4 sedan models are produced at the Neckarsulm site. "The Audi A4 family ensures that capacity utilization will remain high in the long term at our key plants in Ingolstadt and Neckarsulm -- and therefore ensures job security," explains Peter Mosch, Chairman of the General Works Council at AUDI AG. He adds: "This success was made ...
Sunday, December 25, 2011
Tuesday, December 20, 2011
DJ Hero DLC Lady Gaga Poker Face vs Duran Duran Girls on Film Gameplay [HD]
DJ Hero DLC Lady Gaga Poker Face vs Duran Duran Girls on Film Gameplay [HD]Release: 10/27/2009 Genre: Music Platform: PS3/X360/Wii Publisher: Activision Website: www.djhero.com The makers of Guitar Hero introduce an entirely fresh and innovative way to experience music. DJ Hero features an amazing variety of music across genres -- tracks that you love and reflect who you are. Using an authentic turntable controller, you will spin and scratch more than 102 songs into unique mixes and become the life of the party. Get ready for a whole new phenomena in music. Follow Machinima on Twitter! Machinima twitter.com Inside Gaming twitter.com Machinima Respawn twitter.com Machinima Entertainment, Technology, Culture twitter.com FOR MORE MACHINIMA, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE SPORTS GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE TRAILERS, GO TO: www.youtube.com TAGS: DJ Hero DLC Gameplay Trailer [HD] machinima videogame video game games xbox 360 xbox360 microsoft playstation 3 ps3 playstation3 sony computer entertainment scea soe Nintendo wii activision free style turntables club music 2009 yt:quality=high
Best Prices Graco Convertible Crib Good Frigidaire Fprh17d7kf
Friday, December 9, 2011
Choosing the Best Miter Saw - 6 Saws That Will Rock Your Shop
Miter saws are one of the most widely used power tools in the tool industry today, and for good reason; with sizes and styles to meet the needs of every degree of craftsmen, a miter saw can be found in nearly every wood-shop or garage. Because these saws are so portable and offer capacities for endless accuracy and convenience, a good miter saw will fast become your best friend whether you are a general contractor or a home hobbyist.
To briefly review miter saw miter saw itself, they are generally designed to produce fast, accurate crosscuts into a workpiece, typically for framing or molding applications. Additionally, there are several types of miter saw available. The standard miter has a blade pivot from right to left to cut miters; this standard saw is however becoming less popular as compound miters have more applications and are only slightly more expensive. Compound miters have the ability to bevel cut, or tip the blade to either the left or right side (0° - 50°). Some can bevel in both directions allowing operators to miter and bevel within the same cut (-50° through 50°). Lastly, a sliding miter saw is just like a compound miter but with extension rods that allow the saw blade and motor to move forward and back. This motion increases the blade cut capacity enabling the cut length to be longer than the blade diameter. Sliding compound miter saws also have a depth cut setting to cut dadoes into materials at a variety of depths - with all these perks, however, they also tend to be the most expensive.
With so much variety within the miter saw community, it can be difficult to discern which miter saw best suits your specific degree of need. It is true that professional builders generally require an entirely different saw than those craftsmen engaging only in simple home repairs. Ultimately, despite this surplus of options, there is a right miter saw for every craftsmen. Beginning, for our contractors and Bravehearts, with the most heavy-duty, high-quality miter saws on the market today, Makita, Festool, and Bosch each build machines capable of reinventing the miter saw as we know it.
Makita's LS1016L, with a 10" capacity is brilliantly handsome at no sacrifice to quality or functionality. As a dual-bevel sliding compound miter saw is also has some pretty exclusive technologies that quickly solidify this tool as a giant among other miters. The saw weighs only 52.2 lbs, and boasts the most compact design in its class. This, coupled with an exclusive dual sliding fence system (which allows for upper and lower fence adjustments which, in turn, equals greater cutting accuracy) and a linear ball bearing construction, renders the saw impossibly smooth, solid, and always accurate. This little giant from Makita is tough and smooth, and offers craftsmen a smaller, lighter, more manageable saw while still delivering authoritative power and all the innovative perks of an industrial saw.
Bosch also builds an exceptional miter saw; their 5412L dual bevel sliding miter saw is extremely powerful with large capacities and up-front controls. Although a bit heavier than some other models, the 5412 12" capacity miter saw is an ergonomic wonderland with a specially designed multi-position main handle that allows craftsmen to comfortably lock into four different positions. The tool also has sliding extensions slide that come standard and make working with longer pieces of stock and lumber much more manageable if not wholly enticing. The miter also features high fences (a crowd pleaser every time) to accommodate workpieces like large crown molding. A good fence is a big benefit, and this saw offers not only that, but the confidence of a strong and durable tool.
From Germany's Festool, the Kapex is a modern marvel of power tool engineering delivering craftsmen some of the most innovative components in the industry. In addition to being, essentially, the best sliding compound miter saw in the business, the Kapex offers some features that truly set it apart from any other model. To name a few, the Kapex offers a ridiculously smooth and constant blade speed coupled with variable speed control ensuring your cutting speed is always consistent with each application. The saw also has an ingenious trenching capability which allows craftsmen to cut trenches for smooth and strong joinery, or to maneuver around obstacles, like pipes, as you cut. The Kapex is an extremely precise multipurpose saw, but what's more - it's surprisingly simple to use. Perfect lines and angles are made more easily with the Kapex's fraction of a degree accuracy - once you set a miter angle, rest assured it will be exact. The saw is as strong as a brick house, but performs with ethereal precision to bring you the most professional results with each and every cut. However, as the Kapex is an unconscionably brilliant power tool, it also tends to be the most. It is important to remember, though, that in the business of power tools, you always get what you pay for.
However, if price is a bigger factor, or if you are a strictly light-duty user, there are many fine miter saws available to meet your big or small industrial needs while also not burning a hole through your wallet. For example:
Makita's LS1040 compound miter saw, with its light-weight portability and powerful motor, sits brilliantly in any home shop or garage. Weighing only 24.2 lbs, an extremely low and terribly convenient weight for such a powerful and functional tool is extremely easy to move about your home or shop. It can also be easily transported from one job or project to another. This saw provides a welcome and down-sized alternative to the bigger, super heavy-duty miter saws of the industry, while still offering big power and compound cutting operations. Its 10" capacity is big enough to tackle most heavy applications, and its Makita motor is just as powerful as many of the industry's bigger saws. Ultimately, this little sucker has a bit more punch than you might expect, but rarely does one complain of having a surplus of power and charm as this tool certainly does.
Additionally, Bosch's 4410L (10") dual-bevel sliding miter saw is another ideal addition your shop or tool shed. Working hard to bring the work of craftsmen and hobbyists to life, the tool's large pivoting fence and convenient positive stops render the saw truly perfect for home-repair and carpentry projects, and although this saw's truest reign may only be over the garage, it certainly has the capacity to conquer many industrial and heavy-duty applications. Its ergonomic, four-position pivoting handle locks into one of four different positions as you work, thus, totally optimizing your user control, and with up-front controls the saw is comfortable, simple, and generally quicker to use. The saw has high fences for greater cutting capacity, especially with crown molding, and its superior sliding extensions make working with larger materials a far simpler process. This is a big saw, with a big bite - and while its nearly big enough for your general contractor, its perfectly suited for every craftsman, hobbyist, and do-it-yourself-er.
Hitachi also builds a formidable light-duty compound miter saw in their C10FCE2. With an intensely powerful motor and full range of cutting flexibility, the saw, truly, has the authority to boast its colors at any contractor's jobsite while still being perfectly suited for homeowners. The CF10FCE2 is comfortable to use, and is extremely lightweight at only 26.3 lbs enhancing its portability. An extended flip fence raising 4" allows users to accommodate large workpieces and vertically cut crown molding, and with convenient access to the saw's brushes, replacing these little buggers is a nearly effortless task.
When searching for high-end power tools at a low price, craftsmen should also look for reconditioned tools. Reconditioned tools, or recons, although sometimes hard to come by, are an extremely great value bringing craftsmen the highest-performance tools at a tiny fraction of regular cost. Recons, for some minor cosmetic or technical defect, have been returned to the manufacturer for stringent inspection and restoration processes. These tools are tested and restored to meet rigid manufacturer standards and are then re-released with a "R" trailing the model number. This little "R" (and potentially hundreds of dollars) is truly the only difference between a brand new tool and a recon. The value with these tools is truly a no-brainer; when recons are available, snatch them up as an incomparable investment. Dewalt's DW718R and DW716R miter saws are tremendous examples of the value of buying reconditioned.
Ultimately, although there are many outstanding options in the word of miter saws, there is always one that best suits you and your specific, professional needs. Do your research, and the right tool will surely find you.
Sunday, December 4, 2011
Some Useful Facts About Vinyl Siding Products
Vinyl is a kind of plastic material that is so popular for exterior decorating, specifically, siding. Most people prefer vinyl siding products for several reasons:
Vinyl siding is less expensive. Compared with other materials used for siding, vinyl costs relatively higher but it allows users to save over time because it is more durable than any other material available in the market.
Vinyl is more durable. Nothing lasts forever, not even a vinyl siding. But vinyl can withstand harsh weather conditions better than aluminum or any other siding material.
Vinyl is available in more colors. Traditionally, vinyl is offered with only limited number of colors but formula changes as well as adjustments in its manufacturing processes gave way to the many colors of vinyl available today. Most of these colors have lighter hue and tones as these colors prove to withstand UV-caused weathering of the material.
Vinyl is more economical. As previously mentioned, the rates of fading and weathering are slower with vinyl so the consumer will not have to purchase new materials from time to time to change what they have. This results to bigger savings over time.
Vinyl is easy to maintain. Your aluminum siding or wood siding requires maintenance at least twice a year to maintain their freshness and beauty. Vinyl siding products require maintenance just once a year and it is as simple as spray washing it with soap and water to remove dirt.
Vinyl has aesthetics benefits. Vinyl siding can mimic wood very well and this makes it a very good material to replace wood and still retain the timber's natural beauty.
Vinyl is easy to install. Installing a vinyl requires simple easy-to-follow steps and the use of simple tools.
Your vinyl siding company should be able to provide you with options as to what are the best vinyl siding prices to match your budget. Generally, the cost of a vinyl product depends on its thickness, the same factor that determines its quality and durability. The rule is that the thicker the vinyl, the more durable it is.
The usual recommended thickness grades that pass the excellent durability standards are 0.040 (Builder Grade), 0.042 (Thin Residential; Grade),.044 (Standard Residential Grade), 0.046 (Thick residential Grade) and 0.050 (Super Thick Grade).
A vinyl siding is also available as insulated siding. This type of siding reduces energy consumption and increases the insulating capacity of the wall system. Insulated vinyl siding is the only commercially available insulated siding. So when you go for this type, you do not have to add rigid foam insulation beneath the siding of your wall exterior.
If you are an environmentalist, you have to think twice about using vinyl as material. Note that vinyl products are slower to weather and that property makes it very difficult to dispose them- they are not very environmental friendly. Vinyl products take time to degrade. New technologies make it possible to dispose off vinyl in earth-friendly manner but the processes can only handle newly-made vinyl such as factory rejects and cut outs.
Friday, December 2, 2011
The Aviator 5 in 1 Wooden Music Center
!±8± The Aviator 5 in 1 Wooden Music Center
Brand : Innovative Technology | Rate : 
| Price : $181.91
Post Date : Dec 02, 2011 03:41:56 | Usually ships in 1-2 business days
| Price : $181.91Post Date : Dec 02, 2011 03:41:56 | Usually ships in 1-2 business days
Item #: ITVS-750.
Customers also search for: Technology\Consumer Electronics\Audio Systems and Components\Shelf Audio Systems Discount The Aviator 5 in 1 Wooden Music Center, Buy The Aviator 5 in 1 Wooden Music Center, Wholesale The Aviator 5 in 1 Wooden Music Center, 180904000952, Speaker Stands and Mounts
- Sold Individually
Gdiaper Free Shipping Kirkland Parkplace Sale Off Fuji Printer For Sale
Monday, November 28, 2011
DJ Hero DLC Rihanna SOS Beat Juggle Gameplay[HD]
DJ Hero DLC Rihanna SOS Beat Juggle Gameplay[HD] Developer: FreeStyleGamesRelease: 10/27/2009 Genre: Music Platform: PS3/X360/Wii Publisher: Activision Website: www.djhero.com The makers of Guitar Hero introduce an entirely fresh and innovative way to experience music. DJ Hero features an amazing variety of music across genres -- tracks that you love and reflect who you are. Using an authentic turntable controller, you will spin and scratch more than 102 songs into unique mixes and become the life of the party. Get ready for a whole new phenomena in music. Follow Machinima on Twitter! Machinima twitter.com Inside Gaming twitter.com Machinima Respawn twitter.com Machinima Entertainment, Technology, Culture twitter.com FOR MORE MACHINIMA, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE SPORTS GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE TRAILERS, GO TO: www.youtube.com TAGS: DJ Hero DLC Gameplay Trailer [HD] machinima videogame video game games xbox 360 xbox360 microsoft playstation 3 ps3 playstation3 sony computer entertainment scea soe Nintendo wii activision free style turntables club music 2009 yt:quality=high
Order Miele S251 Good Bargain Honeywell Gas Detector New S510 Fujitsu
Saturday, November 26, 2011
Len Faki - Odyssee II [Full Length HQ Audio]
Len Faki - Odyssee II Taken from the EP, Podium 5 (Podium 2007) | FUCK | YEAH | Levent Faki (Len Faki)... Len Faki (also known under his long-term pseudonym Lamonde) was born and raised in the South of Germany where he started his career as successful producer of electronic music. He took his first steps towards international reputation in the mid 90's with his project Lexicon on the renowned House Label Plastic City before he founded two highly acclaimed Techno labels: Monoid and Feis. With innovative productions and sophisticated concepts he soon attracted artists such as Umek, Samuel L. Session and Oxia (Monoid) or John Selway, The Hacker and Bolz Bolz (Feis), who released numerous 12's, albums and mix compilations on his labels. In 2001, he released (under the pseudonym Lamonde on Feis) his début album,Music For Some Place Other Than This, which gained him features in all important German magazines as well as in de:bug. This highly respected magazine for "the electronic aspects in life portrayed him as one of the pioneering artists to lead Techno on to new directions, praising his style as "amalgamation and destroying of seemingly opposing elements, which in a thoroughly positive sense is "based on state-of-the-art technology. His DJ mix compilation Lamonde At The Wheels of Steel (August 2002) showcases his distinctive Lamonde style by presenting personal favourites from the Techno legacy next to topical productions at the time. As Len Faki he has been making his ...
Where To Buy Seiko Skx007 Discounted Wolf 48 Dual Fuel Range Top 10 Kreg K4
Tuesday, November 22, 2011
Antique Radio
The initial broadcast receivers used a coherer as well as sound board, and also were merely capable of grabbing Morse code, and thump it out on the board. This specific sort of transmission is actually known as CW (Continuous wave) or even wireless telegraphy. When wireless telephony (ie transmission & receipt of speech) became achievable, talk radio stations greatly improved upon the actual usability regarding radio transmission. Despite this, the particular antiquated technology of morse code transmission continued to enjoy an important function in radio communications until the 1990's.
The idea involving radio as enjoyment became popular in 1920, and also radio ownership progressively obtained in reputation as the years passed. Radio models coming from before 1920 are rarities.
Pre-war models were typically created on solid wood breadboards, in tiny cupboard type pantry shelves, or occasionally on an open piece metal chassis. Homemade models continued to be a powerful sector of radio creation until after the world war. Right up until then there have been more homemade sets in use compared to professional models.
These kind of simple receivers employed no battery, got no boosting as well as could only utilize headsets. They would certainly only receive very strong signals from the nearby station. They were common between the less prosperous because of to their particular minimal build cost and no run charges. Crystal units experienced minimal capability to separate programs, and where more than a single greater power station was existing, failure to get one without having the other seemed to be a basic problem.
Some crystal set end users applied a carbon amplifier or a mechanical turntable amplifier to offer adequate result to operate a speaker. Some actually utilized a flame amp.
Tuned Radio Frequency sets (TRF sets) were the most common style of early radio. These kind of used one or more valves (tubes) to offer boosting. First TRF sets only controlled earphones, but by the 1930s this was more popular to use more boosting to be able to strength a loudspeaker, regardless of the particular cost.
The types of loudspeakers in utilization at the time period have been elementary by today's specifications, as well as the sound quality produced from the loudspeakers used on these kinds of units is sometimes described as torturous.
These speaker system were definitely not entirely clear distinct categories, along with considerable overlap, nor a comprehensive list, however represent the technologies in popular employ.
The original antique radio models utilized no regeneration, as well as had really poor RF sensitivity and low selectivity. As a result only local programs and powerful remote stations would be received, and separating diverse stations was not usually attainable.
Most radio models were reaction sets, as well identified as regenerative receivers. These types of depend on beneficial suggestions to accomplish enough gain. This method worked well enough, yet is actually naturally unstable, and has been susceptible to diverse difficulties. For this reason there was a major amount of hostility over maladjusted receivers sending squealing noises and blocking reception on regional properties.
Radio sets had usually two tuning knobs and an impulse realignment, all of which got to be set up correctly to receive a channel. Earlier reaction models additionally got filament realignment rheostats for each valve, and again adjustments had to be right to obtain reception.
In the time of original radio, mainly the prosperous could purchase to construct a superheterodyne radio (superhet). These kinds of models requested many valves and numerous parts, and constructing one was a substantial process.
Pre-war superhets were often utilized with the relatively pricy shifting coil speakers, which offer a quality of sound unavailable from moving metal audio speakers.
Most post-war professional receivers have been superhets, and this particular technique is still in popular use in consumer radios these days, even if implemented with transistors and integrated circuits.
The advantages of superhets are usually:
Outstanding sensitivity, permitting reception of international broadcasts
Comprehensive stability
Well operated bandwidth
Effectively formed radio wave passband prevents the uncontrolled tone modifications of radio units, and presents excellent selectivity
The negative aspects for pre-war superhets seemed to be:
Pretty huge build fee
Higher operate price due to many valves and the need for substantial higher strength batteries
Design has been a large project
World War 2 produced widespread important demand for radio stations transmission, and foxhole sets were created by people without accessibility to classic radio elements. A foxhole radio is an illegally constructed set from whatever parts one could make, which were very few indeed. Such a set generally used lighting flex for an aerial, a razor blade for a detector, and a tin can, magnet and some wire for an ear piece. I.e. they were crude crystal models.
The console radio has been the main item of every single property back in the era of radio, they were large and high-priced running up to 0 back in the late 1930s. Generally for the rich, these radios were put in hallways and living rooms. Nearly all console radios were waist high and not very wide, as the years went on they got shorter and wider. Most consumer console radios were made by RCA, Philco, General Electric, Montgomery Ward (under the Airline brand name), Sears (under the Silvertone brand name), Westinghouse, radio-bar and many more. Companies such as Zenith, Scott, Atwater-Kent, were usually for the prosperous as their prices ran into the 0-0 range in the 1930s and 1940s.
The supply of the initial bulk made plastic Bakelite allowed designers much more innovation in cabinet styling, and significantly reduced costs. However, Bakelite is a brittle plastic, and dropping a radio could easily break the case. Bakelite is a brown-black mouldable thermosetting plastic, and is still used in some items today.
In the 1930s some radios were created using Catalin, a colourable version of bakelite, but practically all historic bakelite radios are the standard black-brown bakelite colour.
The value of more innovative light coloured thermoplastics in the 1950s made richer models practical. Some of these thermoplastics are slightly translucent.
The creation of the transistor made it possible to develop smaller portable radios that did not need a warm-up period, and ran on much more compact batteries. They were convenient and chic, though the prices were high and the sound quality not so good.
Transistor radios were available in many sizes from console to table-top to matchbox. Transistors are still employed in today's radios, though the integrated circuit containing a large number of transistors has exceeded the use of singly packed transistors for the majority of radio circuitry.
Transistor radios shown up on the market in 1949, but at a high cost. By the 1960s, decreased prices and the desire for transportability made them very well-known.
There was something of a marketing war over the number of transistors sets contained, with many models called after this number. Some sets even had non-functional reject transistors soldered to the circuit board, doing absolutely nothing, so the sales pitch could advertise a higher number of transistors.
Vacuum tube radios and early transistor radios were hand assembled. Today radios are designed with the benefit of computers and constructed with much greater use of equipment.
Today's radios are often uneconomic to fix because mass producing and technological improvements in numerous areas have made them so cheap to buy, while the cost of human labour and workshop overheads have not fallen in real terms.
Stamina Magnetic Resistance 1350 Recumbent Bike Free Shipping Comparison Lanikai S-c
Friday, November 18, 2011
Evolution Of Electronic Music Media
Phonograph Record
The original author of the word phonograph was F.B. Fenby an inventor in Worcester, Massachusetts; he was granted a patent in 1863 for an unsuccessful device called the "Electro-Magnetic Phonograph". His concept detailed a system that would record a sequence of keyboard strokes onto paper tape. Although no model or workable device was ever made, it is often seen as a link to the concept of punched paper for player piano rolls. Arguably, any device used to record sound or reproduce recorded sound could be called a type of "phonograph", but in common practice it has come to mean historic technologies of sound recording. In the late 19th and early 20th century, the alternative term talking machine was sometimes used. The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded sound from the 1870s through the 1980s. Usage of these terms is not uniform across the English-speaking world. In more modern usage, this device is often called a turntable, record player, or record changer. The phonograph was the first device for recording and replaying sound.
A gramophone record (also phonograph record, or simply record) is an analogue sound recording medium consisting of a flat disc with an inscribed modulated spiral groove starting near the periphery and ending near the center of the disc. Gramophone records were the primary medium used for commercial music reproduction for most of the 20th century. They replaced the phonograph cylinder as the most popular recording medium in the 1900s, and although they were supplanted in popularity in the late 1980s by digital media, they continue to be manufactured and sold as of 2007.
The terms LP record (LP, 33, or 33-1/3 rpm record), EP, 16-2/3 rpm record (16), 45 rpm record (45), and 78 rpm record (78) each refer to specific types of gramophone records. Except for the LP and EP (which are acronyms of Long Play and Extended Play respectively), these type designations refer to their rotational speeds in revolutions per minute (RPM). LPs, 45s, and 16s are usually made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and hence may be referred to as vinyl records or simply vinyl.
Tapes
The Compact Cassette, often referred to as audio cassette, cassette tape, cassette, or simply tape, is a magnetic tape sound recording format. Although it was originally intended as a medium for dictation, improvements in fidelity led the Compact Cassette to supplant reel-to-reel tape recording in most non-professional applications. Its uses ranged from portable audio to home recording to data storage for early microcomputers. Between the 1960s and early 2000s, the cassette was one of the three most common formats for prerecorded music, alongside the LP and later the Compact Disc. The word cassette is a French word meaning "little box."
Compact Cassettes consist of two miniature spools, between which a magnetic tape is passed and wound. These spools and their attendant parts are held inside a protective plastic shell. Two stereo pairs of tracks (four total) or two monaural audio tracks are available on the tape; one stereo pair or one monophonic track is played or recorded when the tape is moving in one direction and the second pair when moving in the other direction. This reversal is achieved either by manually flipping the cassette or by having the machine itself change the direction of tape movement ("auto-reverse").
Stereo 8, commonly known as the 8-track cartridge, is a magnetic tape technology for audio storage, popular from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s. Stereo 8 was created by a consortium led by Bill Lear in 1964 of the Lear Jet Corporation, along with Ampex, Ford, Motorola, and RCA Records. It followed the similar Stereo-Pak 4-track cartridge. A later quadraphonic version of the format was known as Quad 8 or Q8.
The original format for magnetic tape sound reproduction was reel-to-reel audio tape recording, first made widely available after World War II in the late 1940s. However, threading tape into the recorders was more difficult than simply putting a disc record onto a phonograph player. Manufacturers introduced a succession of cartridges which held the tape inside a metal or plastic housing to eliminate handling. The first was RCA Victor, which in 1958 introduced a cartridge system, but until the introduction of the Compact Cassette in 1963 and Stereo 8 in 1964, none was very successful.
Compact Disc
A Compact Disc or CD is an optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio. The CD, available on the market in late 1982, remains the standard physical medium for commercial audio recordings as of 2007. An audio CD consists of one or more stereo tracks stored using 16-bit PCM coding at a sampling rate of 44.1 kHz. Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 mm and can hold approximately 80 minutes of audio. There are also 80 mm discs, sometimes used for CD singles, which hold approximately 20 minutes of audio. Compact Disc technology was later adapted for use as a data storage device, known as a CD-ROM, and to include record-once and re-writable media (CD-R and CD-RW respectively). CD-ROMs and CD-Rs remain widely used technologies in the Computer industry as of 2007. The CD and its extensions have been extremely successful: in 2004, the annual worldwide sales of CD-Audio, CD-ROM, and CD-R reached about 30 billion discs.
The Compact Disc reached the market in late 1982 in Asia, and early the following year in the United States and other markets. The first CDs available were 16 Japanese-made titles from CBS/Sony. This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players sank rapidly, the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets.
The CD was originally thought of as an evolution of the gramophone record, rather than primarily as a data storage medium. Only later did the concept of an 'audio file' arise, and the generalizing of this to any data file. From its origins as a music format, Compact Disc has grown to encompass other applications. In June 1985, the CD-ROM (read-only memory) and, in 1990, CD-Recordable was introduced, also developed by Sony and Philips. While CDs are significantly more durable than earlier audio formats, they are susceptible to damage from daily usage and environmental factors.
MP3
MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, more commonly referred to as MP3, is a popular audio encoding format. It uses a loosy compression algorithm that is designed to greatly reduce the amount of data required to represent the audio recording, yet still sound like a faithful reproduction of the original uncompressed audio to most listeners. It was invented by a team of European engineers.
MP3 is an audio-specific format. The compression takes off certain sounds that cannot be heard by the listener, i.e. outside the normal human hearing range. It provides a representation of pulse-code modulation encoded audio in much less space than straightforward methods, by using psychoacoustic models to discard components less audible to human hearing, and recording the remaining information in an efficient manner. Similar principles are used by JPEG, an image compression format.
Modern lossy bit compression technologies, including MPEG, MP3, etc, are based on the early work of Prof Oscar Bonello of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was involved in Studio equipment design for Broadcast radio automation. At the same time he taught Acoustics at the University, Psychoacoustics being his main field of research. In 1983 he started researching the idea of using the Critical Band Masking principle (a property of the ear) in order to reduce the bit stream needed to encode an audio signal. The masking principle was discovered in 1924 and further developed by in 1959. Bonello's work created, in 1987, the world's first bit compression system, named ECAM, working in real time and implemented by hardware on an IBM PC computer. This plug in card and the associated control software was demonstrated for the first time in 1988 as a fully working product named Audicom and introduced to the world at the international NAB Radio Exhibition in Atlanta, USA on 1990. The basic Bonello implementation is now used in MP3 and other systems. Bonello refuses to apply for any patents around this technology.
A reference simulation software implementation, written in the C language and known as ISO 11172-5, was developed by the members of the ISO MPEG Audio committee in order to produce bit compliant MPEG Audio files (Layer 1, Layer 2, Layer 3). Working in non-real time on a number of operating systems, it was able to demonstrate the first real time hardware decoding (DSP based) of compressed audio. Some other real time implementation of MPEG Audio encoders were available for the purpose of digital broadcasting (radio DAB, television DVB) towards consumer receivers and set top boxes.
Later, on July 7, 1994 the Fraunhofer Society released the first software MP3 encoder called l3enc. The filename extension .mp3 was chosen by the Fraunhofer team on July 14, 1995 (previously, the files had been named .bit). With the first real-time software MP3 player Winplay3 (released September 9, 1995) many people were able to encode and playback MP3 files on their PCs. Because of the relatively small hard drives back in that time (500 MB) the technology was essential to store non-instrument based music for listening on a computer.
In October 1993, MP2 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 2) files appeared on the Internet and were often played back using the Xing MPEG Audio Player, and later in a program for Unix by Tobias Bading called MAPlay, which was initially released on February 22, 1994 (MAPlay was also ported to Microsoft Windows).
Initially the only encoder available for MP2 production was the Xing Encoder, accompanied by the program cdda2wav, a CD ripper used for extracting CD audio tracks to Waveform Audio Files.The Internet Underground Music Archive (IUMA) is generally recognized as the start of the on-line music revolution. IUMA was the Internet's first high-fidelity music web site, hosting thousands of authorized MP2 recordings before MP3 or the web was popularized.
In the first half of 1995 through the late 1990s, MP3 files began to spread on the Internet. MP3's popularity began to rise rapidly with the advent of Nullsoft's audio player Winamp (released in 1997), the UNIX audio player mpg123 and the peer-to-peer file sharing network Napster (released in 1999). These programs made it simple for average users to play back, create, share and collect MP3s.
The small size of MP3 files has enabled widespread peer-to-peer file sharing of music, which would previously have been near impossible. The major record companies, who argue that such free sharing of music reduces sales, reacted to this by pursuing law-suits against Napster, which was eventually closed down, and eventually against individual users who engaged in file sharing.
Despite the popularity of MP3, online music retailers often use other proprietary formats that are encrypted (known as Digital Rights Management) to prevent users from using purchased music in ways not specifically authorized by the record companies. The record companies argue that this is necessary to prevent the files from being made available on peer-to-peer file sharing networks. However, this has other side effects such as preventing users from playing back their purchased music on different types of devices. Some services, such as eMusic, continue to offer the MP3 format, which allows users to playback their music on virtually any device.
When creating an MP3 file, there is a trade-off between the amount of space used and the sound quality of the result. Typically, the creator of the MP3 file is allowed to set a bit rate, which specifies how many kilobits the file may use per second of audio, for example, when ripping a compact disc to this format. The lower the bit rate used, the lower the audio quality will be, but the smaller the file size. Likewise, the higher the bit rate used, the higher quality, and therefore, larger the file size the resulting MP3 will be.
As described, MP3 files encoded with a lower bit rate will generally play back at a lower quality. With too low a bit rate, "compression artifacts" (i.e., sounds that were not present in the original recording) may be audible in the reproduction. Some audio is hard to compress because of its randomness and sharp attacks. When this type of audio is compressed, artifacts such as ringing or pre-echo are usually heard. A sample of applause compressed with a relatively nominal bit rate provides a good example of compression artifacts.
Besides the bit rate of an encoded piece of audio, the quality of MP3 files also depends on the quality of the encoder itself, and the difficulty of the signal being encoded. As the MP3 standard allows quite a bit of freedom with encoding algorithms, different encoders may feature quite different quality, even when targeting similar bit rates.
Quality is heavily dependent on the choice of encoder and encoding parameters. While quality around 128kbps was somewhere between annoying and acceptable with older encoders, modern MP3 encoders can provide very good quality at those bit rates.
The advances in this technology is exploding as is the quality of the devices, will our grandchildren be as shocked at our current media as we are with our grandparents?
Shopping Inexpensive Loft Beds Bose Cinemate Series Ii Gs Top Quality Best Prices Old Barber Chairs
Monday, November 14, 2011
Innovative Technology ITUT-201 USB Turntable (silver)
!±8±Innovative Technology ITUT-201 USB Turntable (silver)
Brand : Innovative TechnologyRate :
Price :
Post Date : Nov 14, 2011 16:45:17
N/A
Records Turntable to PC through USB cable 3 Speeds: 33-1/3, 45, 78rpm Ceramic pick up One Touch Play / Stop control.Built-in equalizer, RCA Line-out for audio amplifier, USB connection to enable recording with PC, Transparent dust cover, Audacity Audio Editor and Recording Software
Sunday, November 6, 2011
Copy Your Old Records to CD - What to Look for in a Great Record Player
CD, DVD and mp3 players may be plentiful these days but you can be sure that there is still a good number of people who use record players. Not only do these record players still produce quality music and that midrange tenderness that modern players of today just can't compete with, they also bring back the days of old. This is why both the young and the young at heart still make use of vintage record players. A Crosley record player, for instance, can undoubtedly remind people of the very classic, distinct sound of record albums as well as the golden days of living in the 30s, 40s and 50s.
However, did you know that vintage record players have already been reproduced in recent years? Using the newest technologies, vinyl record players, for instance, have been reproduced - but this time, with interesting twists. Manufacturers now have what they call a record player with CD recorders, wherein modern components such as AM/FM radio, programmable CD player, EQ presets, multi function remote controls, built in amplifier, speakers and CD recorders have been discreetly incorporated.
These new features alone, albeit incorporated discreetly within the seemingly vintage players, make these portable record players more appealing now especially to the younger market. They may look antique but their features and components certainly scream contemporary. If you're interested to buy either a standard record player or a fancy record player with CD recorder, here are a few tips for you to consider.
First of all, you have to make sure that the item is not only beautiful but is durable as well. Don't be easily swayed just because the item is stylish and handsome.
Secondly, check for standard features such as analog tuner, 3 speed belt driven turntable, diamond stylus needle and side mounted cassette desk.
Thirdly - and this is specifically for those who wish to buy the record player with CD recorder - you may want to know how many discs can be accommodated by the player, if there's a programmable track memory and if it has full range stereo speakers. It can also certainly help if there are other features such as repeat play, disc changer with LED display and manual return tone arm.
Fourthly, stick to the players that have been painted with the standard colors such as oak, cherry and paprika. This assures that your record player, even with the new components and modern add-ons, still looks like the real antique one. The aforementioned tips can help you choose the best record player - one that does not only emanate the same warmth and tenderness of the old days but one that could also bring you good quality music.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
|
|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |